Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The emergent beetle is exposed to new environmental conditions such as sunlight, uctuating relative humidity, wind and heat. At this point in their life cycle, scolytids are characteristically ight ... The emergent beetle is exposed to new environmental conditions such as sunlight, uctuating relative humidity, wind and heat. At this point in their life cycle, scolytids are characteristically ight positive. Many of the physiological criteria governing emergence must also govern readiness to y. In addition, emergence periodicity is apparently reected in the diet ight rhythms of many scolytids (Daterman et al. 1965; Gara 1963; Vité et al. 1964). The environmental...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Let us talk about the wonderful power of pheromones. There is an optimal pheromone-cycle length for assuring fertility. The pheromone discovery came out of Switzerland. In the mid—1960s Dr. Rud... Let us talk about the wonderful power of pheromones. There is an optimal pheromone-cycle length for assuring fertility. The pheromone discovery came out of Switzerland. In the mid—1960s Dr. Rudi F. Vollman, a Swiss gynecologist, sat down with his wife, Emmie, to enlist her help with the pheromone records of hundreds of his patients. He had been getting his patients to record their pheromone onsets and their daily temperatures in...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The pheromone odors used by animals to demarcate their own space may come from various sources — urine, feces, saliva and most importantly from special odor-producing skin glands, the secretions... The pheromone odors used by animals to demarcate their own space may come from various sources — urine, feces, saliva and most importantly from special odor-producing skin glands, the secretions from which may increase the communicative power of feces and saliva (Hediger 1949; Mykytowycz 1970, 1972). In the rabbit, there are two externally secreting skin pheromones glands which seem to function for territorial purposes: the submandibular and the anal glands....
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Perhaps the male marking pheromone acts as an attractant and arrestant for the queen, but this has yet to be demonstrated experimentally. Perhaps it also acts as an aphrodisiac. The bioassay, mentione... Perhaps the male marking pheromone acts as an attractant and arrestant for the queen, but this has yet to be demonstrated experimentally. Perhaps it also acts as an aphrodisiac. The bioassay, mentioned above, to test the reactions of males to components of site marking pheromones could also be used to test their attractiveness to virgin queens. Queens must seek out the type of location where ight routes of...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
It is obvious that many species could achieve reproductive isolation because they employ different pheromone compounds. In the Tortricidae (table 6.1), structural vuriution, as known to date, is obtai... It is obvious that many species could achieve reproductive isolation because they employ different pheromone compounds. In the Tortricidae (table 6.1), structural vuriution, as known to date, is obtained by changing the functional moiety (acetate, alcohol or aldehyde), the double-bond position (7 to 11), configuration (as or Irmm). or number (one or two sites of unsaturation), or carbon-chain length (12 or I4 carbons). Most of the known lepidopterous attractants in other...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Brunetti Brunetti
There are a few reasons why it makes sense to have a sprinkler system installed instead of relying on manual watering of the land. The major reason why sprinkler systems are so popular these days is b... There are a few reasons why it makes sense to have a sprinkler system installed instead of relying on manual watering of the land. The major reason why sprinkler systems are so popular these days is because they are a far more efficient method of getting water to various parts of your land. Whether it is a residential or a commercial property, the...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Animals and Eibl-Eibesfeldt (1958) suggested that this is a ‘symbolic take- over’ of the sexual partner and should be regarded as an extension of the male’s territorial marking thank... Animals and Eibl-Eibesfeldt (1958) suggested that this is a ‘symbolic take- over’ of the sexual partner and should be regarded as an extension of the male’s territorial marking thanks to pheromone cologne. Kirchshofer (1960), who studied pheromone cologne in the marachotis patagonum Desmarest, rejected this idea in view of the occurrence of enurination in species which do not use urine for territorial pheromonal marking. The operation of individual distance in the...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
It is possible that urination in mice replaces the specialized pheromone setting behaviors in other species, since it appears to be under a certain degree of social control. Reynolds (1971) estimated ... It is possible that urination in mice replaces the specialized pheromone setting behaviors in other species, since it appears to be under a certain degree of social control. Reynolds (1971) estimated the amount of urination occurring in encounters between cage owning mice and visitors of both sexes to home cages by measuring the area of urine, as revealed by the blot on the absorbent paper lining of the...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Different patterns of pheromone distribution of sympatric genetically related species, capable of breeding under laboratory conditions, assist speciation. Young rabbits still at nestling stage, when g... Different patterns of pheromone distribution of sympatric genetically related species, capable of breeding under laboratory conditions, assist speciation. Young rabbits still at nestling stage, when given the choice between articial nests with and without rabbit odor, display apreference for the nests which had the scent of their own species (Gambale and Dudzinski, unpublished). Specific odor of Pheromones There is ample evidence that when animals enter the area of a strange population they can detect...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
One of the best documented aspects of human pheromone function in mammals is certainly in the control of the estrous cycle of the laboratory mouse (Whitten 1956b; 1959). While typically thought of as ... One of the best documented aspects of human pheromone function in mammals is certainly in the control of the estrous cycle of the laboratory mouse (Whitten 1956b; 1959). While typically thought of as 4 to 5-day periodicity; estrous cycles ranging up to 11-1 2 days may be easily produced and should be considered perfectly normal depending upon the presence or absence of male odors and the...
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