Posted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Exclusive mating cycles also appear to function in maintaining separation of two closely related lymantriids, the gypsy moth (Porthetria dispar) and the nun moth (Lymantria morzacha (L.)), both of wh... Exclusive mating cycles also appear to function in maintaining separation of two closely related lymantriids, the gypsy moth (Porthetria dispar) and the nun moth (Lymantria morzacha (L.)), both of which co-occur widely from Europe to Japan. The gypsy moth sex attractant pheromone is cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctade- cane (Bierl et al. 1970) and the nun moth has recently been shown to be lured to this chemical (Schonherr 1972). In Europe the nun moth’s...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Identication of the chemical components of the Nasonov pheromone has been a slow process and may not yet be completed. Those so far identied are given in Table 13.1 and Fig. 13.1. Table 13.1 Identi... Identication of the chemical components of the Nasonov pheromone has been a slow process and may not yet be completed. Those so far identied are given in Table 13.1 and Fig. 13.1. Table 13.1 Identication of components of Nasonov pheromone. The tentative identication by Weaver et al. (1964) of citral as a minor component of the Nasonov pheromone was conrmed by Shearer and Boch (1966)....
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
A very few components of pheromone secretions have been applied singly to leaves on ight routes and found to make them attractive (Kullen- berg, 1973), but extensive investigations are needed. Kulle... A very few components of pheromone secretions have been applied singly to leaves on ight routes and found to make them attractive (Kullen- berg, 1973), but extensive investigations are needed. Kullenberg (1973) also collected leaves pheromone-marked by Psithyrus bohemicus males and presented them elsewhere in the ight zone; males of P. bohemicus were attracted to them and deposited more scent in the vicinity. In experiments conducted in large cages...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Yuga Rishi Shriram Sharma
Today in the world the hot topic discussed by all is global warming, rising temperatures, irregular rainfall and the dire influence seen the world over due to seasonal changes. No doubt the entire world is within its periphery yet we do not know why no country whether it is developed or a developing one wishes to bring about due changes. Recently in Copenhagen (Denmark) in December 2009 a Global Summit was organized. It was noted that each country said that even if total destruction set in ‘my’ country shall not compromise even a wee bit. IF NOT THEN SAVE PLANET...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Adult, experienced, male Long-Evans rats prefer red the odor of receptive females to that of non-receptive ones. Polygamous females, however, did not discriminate between the pheromone odor of the ori... Adult, experienced, male Long-Evans rats prefer red the odor of receptive females to that of non-receptive ones. Polygamous females, however, did not discriminate between the pheromone odor of the original male and that of a novel one. Experienced and naive receptive female pheromones preferred the odor of intact males to that of castrates (Carr et al. 1965). Immature males also preferred the odor of normal males over that of castrated...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Let us return to our basic assumption, that if pheromone odors are to be used for social integration in small mammals that are unable to use visual and acoustic signals, we might expect that the total... Let us return to our basic assumption, that if pheromone odors are to be used for social integration in small mammals that are unable to use visual and acoustic signals, we might expect that the total range of messages to be transmitted is as wide as it is in those species able to use visual and acoustic signals. Surprisingly little attention has been paid...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The wild rabbit is a gregarious species which forms social pheromones — colonies — occupying their own warren systems and grazing grounds. Colonies consist of sepa- rate groups each of whi... The wild rabbit is a gregarious species which forms social pheromones — colonies — occupying their own warren systems and grazing grounds. Colonies consist of sepa- rate groups each of which connes its activities to a group territory. Groups are made up of a few males and females among which a social hierarchy develops separately for each sex. The pheromone dominance hierarchy typical for the rabbit is indeed largely...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
Ability of rats of either sex to detect odors of sexually active members of the opposite sex is independent of their own gonadal state. Attraction to that odor, on the other hand, requires that female... Ability of rats of either sex to detect odors of sexually active members of the opposite sex is independent of their own gonadal state. Attraction to that odor, on the other hand, requires that females be either sexually experienced or under the inuence of estrogen. while positive responses by males require both androgen and sexual experience. Lydell and Doty (1972), also working with rats, conrmed...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
An interested reader can turn to any of a large number of recent reviews to nd up-to-date bibliographies concerning almost all facets of this broad subject: Bronson (1968, 1971); Bruce (1966, 1967, 1... An interested reader can turn to any of a large number of recent reviews to nd up-to-date bibliographies concerning almost all facets of this broad subject: Bronson (1968, 1971); Bruce (1966, 1967, 1970); Cheal and Sprott (1971); Eisenberg and Kleiman (1973); Gleason and Reynierse (1969); Mykytowycz (1970); Ralls (1971); Schultz and Tapp (1973); Whitten (1966); and Whitten and Bronson (1970). Because of these extensive efforts, no attempt...
Continue ReadingPosted on: 02 March, 2017
Author: Alexander P
The pheromones expressed the idea that animals use visual, acoustic and olfactory methods to mark the possession of space (Hediger 1944, 1949, 1950, 1955, 1956). The role of odor in the behavior of an... The pheromones expressed the idea that animals use visual, acoustic and olfactory methods to mark the possession of space (Hediger 1944, 1949, 1950, 1955, 1956). The role of odor in the behavior of animals generally, and in territoriality particularly, has been reviewed recently (Gleason and Reynierse 1969; Ewer 1968; Mykytowycz 1970, 1972; Ralls 1971). Pheromone scent deposited in the space becomes a substitute for the animal...
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